英语学习动词的经验
1、1.有些动词所表示的动作是瞬时性的,不能与表示持续一段时间的状语连用。这些动词有:
leave,arrive,come,go,die,begin,stop,do,end等。如:“他去世已三年了。”不能译成“He has died for three years.”表示这一意思有下面两种方法:
(1)He has been dead for three years.
(2)He died three years ago.
2、2.相当于及物动词的短语动词构成被动语态,短语中的介词或副词不能省略。例如:The children will be taken care of while she is away.她不在家时,孩子们会有人照料的。注:短语中的of不能省略。
3、3.不及物动词(及词组)无被动语态。例如:
How long did the meeting last?
4、4.一般过去时往往与下列表示确定的时间状语连用。如:in 1933, in July, at that time, last year, two weeks ago等。
5、5.表示过去的时间状语不与现在完成时合用。例如:
They have been good friends since then.
They became good friends from that time on.
6、6.have gone to 与 have been to这比较:
Lucy has gone to New York. 露茜去纽约了(现在还在纽约)
Lucy has been to New York. 露茜到纽约去过(现在回来了)
7、7.be to + 动词原形表示责任,义务,意图,约定,可能性等。例如:
I am to meet them at the airport.我约定到机场去接他们。
8、8.be about to + 动词原形表示将要发生的事情。例如:
We are about to graduate from school. 我们即将毕业。
这种结构的过去式表示过去将发生的事情。例悦敏如:匠躲
The plane was about to leave.飞机要起飞了。
9、9 .在表示时间或条件关系的主从复合句中,遵照“主将从现”原则,即主名用将来时,从句用现在时。例如:
I will write to you as soon as I get here.
Roman"'>我约定到机场去接他们。
10、10.表示存在和心理活动的槐温排动词一般不用进行时态。例如:
They love and respect each other.